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Analysis of the main differences between submersible pumps and centrifugal pumps
2025-06-26
(1) The working principles of submersible pumps and centrifugal pumps are different
Working principle of submersible pump: Before starting the pump, the suction pipe and the inside of the pump must be filled with liquid. After starting the pump, the impeller rotates at high speed, and the liquid inside rotates together with the blades. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is thrown outward from the impeller. The ejected liquid gradually slows down in the diffuser chamber of the pump casing, and the pressure gradually increases, then flows out from the pump outlet and discharge pipe. At this time, a vacuum low-pressure zone without air or liquid is formed at the center of the blades because the liquid is thrown to the surroundings. The liquid in the pool flows into the pump through the suction pipe under the atmospheric pressure on the pool surface. In this way, the liquid is continuously sucked from the pool and continuously discharged from the discharge pipe.
Working principle of centrifugal pump: The impeller is installed inside the pump casing and fixed on the pump shaft, which is directly driven by the motor. The center of the pump casing has a liquid inlet connected to the suction pipe. The liquid enters the pump through the foot valve and suction pipe. The liquid discharge outlet on the pump casing is connected to the discharge pipe.
(2) The essential differences between submersible pumps and centrifugal pumps
Submersible pumps are a widely used water treatment pump product. Before starting the pump, the suction pipe and the inside of the pump must be filled with liquid, so a suitable foot valve must be selected.
Centrifugal pumps mainly have designs such as single-stage single-suction, multi-stage single-suction, and single-stage double-suction, with forms including pipeline type, submerged type, self-priming type, and submersible type. The main components of centrifugal pumps are the impeller, pump casing, and shaft seal device. The function of the impeller is to directly transfer the mechanical energy of the prime mover to the liquid to increase the liquid's static pressure energy and kinetic energy (mainly increasing static pressure energy).
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